«BLOODLESS» REVOLUTION

This article is about social and economic situation in Russia close before the revolutionary events in 1917. Author analyzes strategies of main Russian political elites in situation of military crisis and Emperor’s power crush. Then author defines structural and functional parameters of state and zemstvo’s bureaucracy in situation of razrukha’s beginning. The complex of economic and foreign-political factors that caused razrukha, is shown: extremely large-scaled and high-intensive military mobilizations which helped Russia to take a half of Entente’s total military efforts were catastrophically combined with the aspirations of Britain and France to establish control over the empire's economy and with outright abuses of Russian «social activists» in army supplying. In this case author focuses on the specific practices of Russian military officials who «for the sake of friendship» gave out secret information to allies in the Entente. On the basis of Russian Empire government documents, the result of the unification of hostile external influences made by the German army and internal disorganization due to fatal mistakes of tsarist officials is demonstrated: the first mistake was the ill-considered evacuation of more than 6 million civilians from the frontline zone, the second one was rejection of the equalized-normalized vital goods distribution in the conditions of production decline and the third one was carrying out the autumn draft of 1916 during the harvest. Shown historical sources are proving that destructive strategies which began razrukha were based on specific «group egoism» of conservative and liberal political parties which attempted to take their own control over Russian Empire and to replace Tsar's authority by their leaders one. These sources are also disproving the myth about leading role of radical revolutionary political doctrines (Bolshevist, Social-Revolutionary and Aharchist one) in massive revolutionary movement evolution in summer and autmn of 1917. The final conclusion of article’s author is he overall cumulative effect of the accumulation of catastrophic mistakes, unprecedented abuses and military defeats naturally led to the paralysis of power and the fall of the authority of the monarchy, which has lost legitimacy in the eyes of Russia’s people.