Economics and management of the national economy: economics, organization and management of enterprises, industries, complexes (transport, industry, services)
2-8
In conditions of instability and uncertainty, economic entities, despite all kinds of risks, must maintain their sustainable development. The article discusses the factors influencing the sustainable development of an organization, suggests signs of their classification depending on the conditions of the external environment, on the constancy of their impact, the remoteness of the onset of consequences, which made it possible to develop a general typology of factors for economic analysis.
9-15
The article discusses the concept of customs control, defines the role of customs control in the system of state control. The correlation of the categories of customs control and state control is studied, the position on the need to supplement the existing definitions is argued. The objects of customs control are investigated, proposals for the adjustment of certain legal categories in customs law are formulated. The problems of defining the concept of "goods" in customs legislation are highlighted. The analysis of the subject composition of legal relations in the field of customs control is carried out, additions to the 289-FZ are proposed.
16-21
In conditions of instability and uncertainty, economic entities are exposed to all kinds of risks. The article examines the issues of identification of tax risk, outlines the approaches of domestic economists to the interpretation of the concept of «tax risk», examines the signs characterizing the level of tax risk, highlights the results of a survey of practicing accountants regarding the causes of tax risk, identifies factors affecting its increase.
22-28
The transport system of the Russian Federation is of great importance for the country's economy. One of the ways to optimize the transport system is to improve loading and unloading operations in transport and cargo complexes, where cargo is reloaded, sorted and stored if necessary. To do this, it is necessary to deal with the problems currently facing the railway, for its further successful functioning. The successful development of transport and cargo complexes, container terminals, warehouses, transshipment points depends on the effectiveness of management, proper organization of activities and operational control of the implementation of these activities. The purpose of the study is to identify existing problems in the performance of loading and unloading operations and propose measures to solve them for packaged cargo and containers on the railway. The objectives of the study are to compare the performance of loading and unloading operations in foreign countries and the Russian Federation, to conduct a comprehensive analysis of problems and suggest ways to solve them. The problems of the productivity of the functioning of the transport complex, as well as the formation of transport infrastructure, are of no small importance in the development of the Russian economy due to the vast territory of the country and the large distance between the center of production and the center of consumption. But today, the performance of the domestic transport complex is not high enough compared to other states. According to the study of the World Bank, the Russian Federation ranks 75th in the world according to the logistics efficiency index. The article identified versatile problems in the loading and unloading operations of the container terminal, transportation of packaged cargo, and also suggested ways to solve existing problems. The main solution is the introduction of an automated system for accounting for containers and their placement in container terminals, which will reduce the downtime of wagons during loading and unloading, shorten the distance the container moves inside the TGC, reduce the time it takes to process the container, and allow you to quickly take into account all the information.
28-34
The article deals with the problems of development of the tourism and recreation industry in the conditions of anti-virus restrictions. The main trends in the development of the tourism industry of the Republic of Dagestan have been studied. The socio-economic significance of this direction is emphasized, especially for reducing unemployment and improving the quality of life of the population of the region. The necessity of advancing development of the infrastructure of the industry is substantiated. Ways of effective use of the existing potential for increasing the volume of services provided to tourists are proposed.
34-42
The article shows the role of creative industries in the development of national economies and the growing demand for workers with creative potential. The features of the work of creative teams are considered and the factors hindering creative activity are identified. Changes and problems in Russian industries in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic have been studied. The influence of stress on the formation of the syndrome of emotional burnout of workers, the loss of interest in the results of labor activity, and the decrease in labor productivity are revealed. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop a corporate culture for the application of preventive measures for burnout of employees and the development of their creative potential.
42-50
The characteristic features and peculiarities of Russian finances are considered, the factors and conditions of their formation during the transition from socialism to capitalism and their evolution in the subsequent time are revealed. The main functions, principles, orientation and significance of the financial system for the Russian economy are determined. The influence of traditions, interests and structure of the economy on the functioning of the financial system in Russia is shown. The nature of the finances of Russia and foreign countries is compared. The problems of the operation of finance are identified, the need to resolve them is emphasized in order for the country to emerge from stagnation and backwardness.
Psychology and pedagogy
51-56
Problem. The article deals with the teaching foreign cadets theoretical language issues of specialty using the terminological dictionary. Since the technical disciplines language is filled with technical terminology, there is a need to develop specific methodological approaches and didactic strategies. Therefore, the education individualization issue is relevant. It allows to take into account the individual characteristics of the person, language capabilities and foreign students basic training. Aim. Pay special attention to the lexical material organization offered in terminological dictionaries. Show that the working ability with a dictionary is an important type of classroom work in Russian as a foreign language. Methodology. The methodological basis was the work in the field of theoretical and practical teaching foreign languages methods. Results. It is important to understand that within the framework of the communicative-activity approach it is necessary first of all to correct the traditional scheme of foreign students communicative needs, which is the basis for educational planning and linguodidactic support. In educational lexical material organization, the methodological interconnected teaching principle of different levels language units is observed. The condition for correct word usage is a complex skill including the word choosing operations, combining it with other words, simultaneous grammatical formulation and combination. Therefore, work on the nominative language means is carried out in a variety of exercises built on phrases material, sentences and in some cases, superphrasal units. The course educational material should contain a large number of words and phrases intended for receptive assimilation. Dictionaries used in Russian as a foreign language classes should have a sufficiently large volume to ensure the various oral and written texts understanding of different genres business communication. In the educational lexical material organization, the interconnected teaching methodological principle of different levels language units should be observed. Work on the nominative language means is carried out in a variety of exercises built on the material of phrases, sentences and in some cases, superphrasal units. Conclusions. Working with lexical material prepares students to solve communicative problems and contributes to a more productive and accurate understanding and special vocabulary use in professional communication situations. The dictionary is designed to systematize the foreign students knowledge already available, to help understand the Russian national identity uniqueness, to help the linguistic and communicative culture improving of users.
56-61
The article introduces the well-known scientists’ viewpoints on memorizing information in primary school age and in college years. It describes the mnemonic processes of direct mediate memorization. The pedagogical experiment is considered in depth and the results of the study are presented in the article.
61-66
The article presents an analysis of online learning data at the Civil Defence Academy. The purpose of the article is to reveal the problem of using information technologies in educational organizations. The article pays special attention to the impact of computerization on the quality of education, reveals examples of the use of information technology in education. The research was conducted on the basis of data on student academic performance. The comparative method was used. On the base of analysis, it was revealed that information technologies in education allow using a wide range of forms and methods of teaching and are one of the modern ways of intensifying and optimizing the educational process at the Academy.
Social structure, social institutions and processes
66-71
The article substantiates the necessity of using technology of critical thinking within the framework of teaching the discipline "World culture and art". The author consistently proves that this technology allows to teach students of higher education institution methods of goal-setting, skills of creating creative products based on the study of artistic images of world culture, as well as to stimulate the development of such thought operations as analysis, synthesis, classification, generalization.
71-77
The article revealed the methodology of engagement of different learning styles individuals, who have unique tacit knowledge, in the process of generating new knowledge, by organizing a special space-time continuum. The methodology is based on the philosophy of "ba" and the concept of interactive participatory learning.
77-88
Since the global problem of young generations is the devaluation of knowledge, the cult of youth and the contempt of maturity predetermine the value code of modern youth. The article offers to get acquainted with the technique of meaning formation at the dawn of the intellectual history of mankind. The demonstration of the techniques of the formation of meanings and their verbal materialization are revealed on the basis of the analysis of the views of Plato and Aristotle, as two opposite tendencies of the development of the world.
89-96
The article is devoted to issues related to the change in the structure of sectoral employment in the countries of the “golden billion” and the capitalist periphery. Based on a large amount of factual material, the author refutes the thesis about the disappearance of the proletariat and examines the social movements of recent years against the backdrop of a pandemic and an economic crisis.
96-102
The purpose of this work is to study the opposition to extremist activity in the state legal system. By replacing Christian morality and legality, the modern system of ethics and law has contributed to the destruction of moral values based on a religious worldview. At the same time, the achievement of well-being by a significant number of people freed from moral imperatives began to be associated with the use of violence. Violence, despite the consequences, has become the basis of extremism, both abroad and in Russia. Therefore, extremism poses a significant danger to the political and legal systems, and to public security in general.